发布于 由ayo

Windows压力测试TCP优化篇(搭建环境+Socket脚本)

java.net.BindException: Address already in use 相信这个错在win上进行压力测试的小伙伴们一定都看到过吧~那么为何会出现这样的错误呢？如何避免呢？让我们来瞧瞧~压力测试之前，我们一定要知道http是网络上层协议，底层还是Socket。Socket可以支持不同的传输层协议（TCP或UDP），当使用TCP协议进行连接时，该Socket连接就是一个TCP连接,那么如何确定一个TCP链接呢？嘻嘻~那就是：源IP+源端口+目标IP+目标端口，由此可见一次http请求是需要占用一个端口，那么就让我们实践一下~

  • 首先我们先来搭一个供我们测试的环境~  咋们先用flask编写一个简单的接口~： 
    @app.route('/time',methods=['get'])
def get_time():
    now = str(datetime.datetime.now()) 
    ip1 = request.headers.get('X-Real-IP')
    ip2 = request.headers.get('X-Forwarded-For')
    return "当前的时间是：%s ,你的ip是：%s,你的ip组是：%s   "%(now,str(ip1),str(ip2))
  • 然后咋们使用nginx作为httpserver ，uwsgi 作为webserver，gevent异步io搭建一个环境,uwsgi 配置如下： 
    [uwsgi]
http = 0.0.0.0:8081 
wsgi-file =/www/flask_app/flask_test.py
callable = app 
listen=1024
processes = 6 
threads = 20 
pidfile = /www/flask_app/uwsgi.pid
daemonize = /www/flask_app/mysite.log
buffer-size = 32678 
max-requests = 10000
master = true
gevent = 100

    并在原来的代码上引入异步猴子补丁~（至于猴子补丁能为代码提升多大作用那就没测试啦~感兴趣的可以自行测试一下呀）

    import gevent.monkey
gevent.monkey.patch_all()  # 可选内容，是否加载猴子补丁
  • 考虑到并发较大，最后我们用nginx 实现多端口的负载均衡，部分设置内容如下： 
    upstream mycom{
	least_conn;
    server 0.0.0.0:8081;
    server 0.0.0.0:8082;    
}
    
server
    {
        listen 60;
        #server_name 127.0.0.1;  
        location / {   
            include  uwsgi_params;
            proxy_pass  http://mycom; #连接负载均衡服务器
            uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /www/flask_app;
			uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT flask_test:app;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    		proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    		proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    		proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
        }
  • 补充端口为8081，暂且称为1号机的代码，让负载均衡肉眼看的见~ 
    @app.route('/time',methods=['get'])
def get_time():
    now = str(datetime.datetime.now()) #把当前时间转换成字符串
    #n = request.headers
    ip1 = request.headers.get('X-Real-IP')
    ip2 = request.headers.get('X-Forwarded-For')
    return "1号机：当前的时间是：%s ,你的ip是：%s,你的ip组是：%s   "%(now,str(ip1),str(ip2))
  • 同理~新建端口为8082，暂且称为2号机的代码，这样我们就可以区分啦~ 
    @app.route('/time',methods=['get'])
def get_time():
    now = str(datetime.datetime.now()) #把当前时间转换成字符串
    #n = request.headers
    ip1 = request.headers.get('X-Real-IP')
    ip2 = request.headers.get('X-Forwarded-For')
    return "2号机：当前的时间是：%s ,你的ip是：%s,你的ip组是：%s   "%(now,str(ip1),str(ip2))

    二号机uwsgi配置如下：

    [uwsgi]
http = 0.0.0.0:8082
wsgi-file =/www/flask_app1/flask_test.py
#plugin=python
callable = app 
listen=1024
processes = 6 
threads = 20 
pidfile = /www/flask_app1/uwsgi.pid
daemonize = /www/flask_app1/mysite.log
buffer-size = 32678 
max-requests = 10000
master = true
gevent = 100
  • 哈哈这样配置代码已经都准备好啦~打开服务器远程链接cd到项目路径下执行(分别到1，2号机的路径下)： 
    uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini

    执行成功后我们输入http://ayoc.top:60/time,多刷新几次瞧瞧看~哈哈成功咯~到这里我们的环境也就搭好啦~

  • 接下来我们用win默认环境进行测试~ 打开jmeter,并发400，forever，并设置遇到error 自动停止，执行~ 大概请求了16000左右时，报错如图：

    此时使用netstat -n | awk ‘/^tcp/ {++S[$NF]} END {for(a in S) print a, S[a]}’查询服务器TCP链接，发现time_wait仅为692，总端口占用一千不到~排除服务器端口问题~

    哈哈因为再次之前我在服务器/etc/sysctl.conf中添加了如下配置信息，配置原文转自：点我~

    # 表示开启SYN Cookies。当出现SYN等待队列溢出时，启用Cookie来处理，可防范少量的SYN攻击。该参数默认为0，表示关闭。
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies＝1

# 表示开启重用，即允许将TIME-WAIT套接字重新用于新的TCP连接。该参数默认为0，表示关闭。
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse＝1

# 表示开启TCP连接中TIME-WAIT套接字的快速回收，该参数默认为0，表示关闭。
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle＝1

# 表示如果套接字由本端要求关闭，那么这个参数将决定它保持在FIN-WAIT-2状态的时间。
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout＝30

# 表示当Keepalived启用时，TCP发送Keepalived消息的频度改为20分钟，默认值是2小时。
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time＝1200

# 表示系统同时保持TIME_WAIT套接字的最大数量，如果超过这个数字，TIME_WAIT套接字将立刻被清除并打印警告信息，默认值为180 000，此处改为5000。对于Apache、Nginx等服务器，前面介绍的几个参数已经可以很好地减少TIME_WAIT套接字的数量，但是对于Squid来说，效果却不大，有了此参数就可以控制TIME_WAIT套接字的最大数量，避免Squid服务器被大量的TIME_WAIT套接字拖死。
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets＝5000
  • 那么我们接着来排查win的端口问题，为了更明显的看到win端口使用信息，我们使用python 编写一个socket~
  • 服务端为： 
    import socket
import threading
import sys

port_list=[] # 存放使用过的地址

def service():
    try:
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.bind(('127.0.0.1', 5555))
        s.listen(1000)
    except socket.error as msg:
        print(msg)
        sys.exit(1)
    print('Waiting connection...')
    while True:
        conn, addr = s.accept()
        t = threading.Thread(target=data, args=(conn, addr))
        t.start()

def data(conn, addr):
    port_list.append(addr)
    print('新的连接来自{0}'.format(addr))
    conn.send(('Hi~').encode())
    while 1:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if data == 'exit' or not data:
            conn.send(('Connection closed!').encode())
            break
        conn.send(bytes('Hello, {0}'.format(data), "UTF-8"))  # TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
        setPort = len(list(set(port_list)))
        print(f'到此为止去重后的占用端口为{setPort}个')
    conn.close()
  • 客户端为： 
    import socket
import sys
from socketTest import port_list

def client(i):
    try:
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.connect(('127.0.0.1', 5555))
    except socket.error as msg:
        print(msg)
        sys.exit(1)
    print(s.recv(1024))  # 目的在于接受：Accept new connection from (...
    data = (f'hi+{i}').encode()
    s.send(data)
    print('aa', s.recv(1024))
    s.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    for i in range(65000):
        client(i)
    print(set(port_list))
    setPort = len(list(set(port_list)))
    print(f'此次占用端口{setPort}个')

    在win默认配置下启动服务端与客户端~执行15秒后~console显示：

    到此为止去重后的占用端口为16343个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 65531)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为16343个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 65532)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为16343个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 65533)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为16343个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 65534)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为16343个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 49152)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为16343个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 49153)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为16343个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 49154)

    由此可见socket绑定的端口是按照顺序分配的，且在win默认配置下只能用16343左右个端口，经查询端口49153~65535 为动态和/或私有端口。由此得出结论在默认配置下(win默认释放tcp端口为240s)，单台win并发最大为每秒66个请求。

  • 接下来我们win+R打开运行 ,输入regedit，并进入[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \System \CurrentControlSet \Services \Tcpip \Parameters] 下，新建如下配置DWORD（10进制）,配置详情：点我~站外链接~ 
    TCPWindowSize   62420
TcpTimedWaitDelay  30
MaxUserPort  65534
  • 我们将客户机的测试脚本改为range(70000),为了让他循环使用端口，测试端口可用最大值，接着继续执行测试脚本，最后结果为70000个socket ，用了64256个端口（总0~65535）哈哈哈优化完成~ 所以用win作为施压机时切记一定要改注册表哟~  （测试接口已经被关闭啦~调皮的人不要来压我了!!!） 
    新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 34129)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为64256个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 34130)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为64256个
新的连接来自('127.0.0.1', 34131)
到此为止去重后的占用端口为64256个
  •  每日一题~会输出什么呢~嘻嘻 
    import copy
a = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']]
b = a
c = copy.copy(a)
d = copy.deepcopy(a)
a.append(5)
a[4].append('c') 
print(a)
print(b)
print(c)
print(d)

     

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